Agricultural, Soil & Wine Analysis
Agricultural assays, including nutrient testing of KCl, Bray, Olsen, and Mehlich extracts, are frequently performed with Flow Injection Analysis. This is especially true where the end user has a high throughput requirement. Smaller volume testing facilities also find FIA to be a highly economical choice.
Agricultural analyses, are routinely automated using the FIAlab 2500 and FIAlab 2600, instruments. The assay protocols for analytes such as nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, phosphate, and chloride extracted from soil by KCl, Bray, Olsen, and Mehlich methods are listed in the following table.
Analyte
|
Throughput
|
Typical Ranges
|
Flow cell
|
Notes
|
Nitrate (Mid to High)
|
180 samples/hour
|
0.02 to 200 mg (N)/L
|
1 cm flow cell
|
Cadmium Reduction
|
Nitrite (Mid to High)
|
220 samples/hour
|
0.005 to 100 mg (N)/L
|
1 cm flow cell
|
|
Nitrate (Low)
|
60 samples/hour
|
0.002 to 10 mg (N)/L
|
10 cm flow cell
|
Cadmium Reduction
|
Nitrite (Low)
|
80 samples/hour
|
0.0005 to 5 mg (N)/L
|
10 cm flow cell
|
|
Nitrate (Ultra Low)
|
45 samples/hour
|
0.0004 to 1 mg (N)/L
|
50 cm flow cell
|
Cadmium Reduction
|
Nitrite (Ultra Low)
|
55 samples/hour
|
0.0001 to 0.5 mg (N)/L
|
50 cm flow cell
|
|
Ammonia (Mid to High)
|
120 samples/hour
|
0.5 to 200 mg (N)/L
|
1 cm flow cell
|
Salicylate Method
|
Ammonia (Low)
|
80 samples/hour
|
0.01 to 10 mg (N)/L
|
10 cm flow cell
|
Salicylate Method
|
Ammonia (Ultra Low)
|
40 samples/hour
|
0.002 to 2 mg (N)/L
|
50 cm flow cell
|
Salicylate Method
|
Ammonia (Mid to High)
|
40 samples/hour
|
0.05 to 30 mg (N)/L
|
1 cm flow cell
|
Diffusion
|
Ammonia (Low)
|
30 samples/hour
|
0.005 to 3 mg (N)/L
|
10 cm flow cell
|
Diffusion
|
Ammonia (Ultra Low)
|
45 samples/hour
|
0.001 to 0.5 mg (N)/L
|
Fluorometric
|
OPA Method
|
TKN (Mid)
|
120 samples/hour
|
1.0 to 300 mg (N)/L
|
10 cm flow cell
|
Batch Digestion
|
Total Nitrogen
|
30 samples/hour
|
0.1 to 5 mg (N)/L
|
1 cm flow cell
|
Batch Digestion
|
Total Nitrogen
|
30 samples/hour
|
0.01 to 0.1 mg (N)/L
|
10 cm flow cell
|
Batch Digestion
|
Phosphate (Mid to High)
|
120 samples/hour
|
0.1 to 25 mg (P)/L
|
1 cm flow cell
|
Ortho/Bray/Olsen
|
Phosphate (Low)
|
60 samples/hour
|
0.01 to 2.5 mg (P)/L
|
10 cm flow cell
|
Ortho/Bray/Olsen
|
Phosphate (Ultra Low)
|
45 samples/hour
|
0.002 to 0.5 mg (P)/L
|
50 cm flow cell
|
Ortho
|
Fast Phosphate (Mid to High)
|
360 samples/hour
|
0.1 to 25 mg (P)/L
|
1 cm flow cell
|
Fast FIA Manifold
|
Fast Phosphate (Low)
|
240 samples/hour
|
0.01 to 2.5 mg (P)/L
|
10 cm flow cell
|
Fast FIA Manifold
|
Total Phosphorus (mid)
|
80 samples/hour
|
0.1 to 25 mg (P)/L
|
1 cm flow cell
|
|
Total Phosphorus (low)
|
80 samples/hour
|
0.01 to 2.5 mg (P)/L
|
10 cm flow cell
|
|
Chloride (Mid)
|
120 samples/hour
|
1 to 50 mg Cl-/L
|
1 cm flow cell
|
|
Chloride (Low)
|
60 samples/hour
|
0.1 to 5 mg Cl-/L
|
10 cm flow cell
|
|
Silica (Mid to High)
|
60 samples/hour
|
0.5 to 300 mg /L
|
1 cm flow cell
|
|
Silica (Low)
|
60 samples/hour
|
0.05 to 30 mg /L
|
10 cm flow cell
|
|
Silica (Ultra Low)
|
40 samples/hour
|
0.02 to 6 mg /L
|
50 cm flow cell
|
|
Sulfate (Mid-high)
|
120 samples/hour
|
100 to 500 mg SO4/L
|
1 cm flow cell
|
|
Sulfate (Low)
|
60 samples/hour
|
2 to 200 mg SO4/L
|
10 cm flow cell
|
|
Iron (Mid)
|
140 samples/hour
|
0.025 to 100 mg/L
|
1 cm flow cell
|
|
Iron (Low)
|
70 samples/hour
|
0.0025 to 10 mg/L
|
10 cm flow cell
|
|
Iron (Ultra Low)
|
45 samples/hour
|
0.0005 to 0.2 mg/L
|
50 cm flow cell
|
Analyte
|
Matrix/Method
|
Fresh/Salt Waters, KCL Soil Extracts
|
|
Fresh/Salt Waters, KCL Soil Extracts
|
|
Fresh/Salt Waters. Certain Extracts
|
|
Digested Samples
|
|
Fresh/Salt Waters
|
|
Sodium Bicarb (Olsen) Soil Extracts
|
|
Bray Soil Extracts
|
|
Potassium
|
Soil/Plant Extracts (using FIA and Flame Photometer)
|
Mehlich Soil Extracts
|
|
Digested Samples
|
|
Waters. Wastewaters. Plant Extracts.
|
|
Waters. Wastewaters. Soil KCL Extracts.
|
|
Waters. Wastewaters. Plant Extracts.
|
|
Waters. Wastewaters. Soil KCL Extracts.
|
|
Wines
|
Specifications of Assays Automated by Flow Injection, using FIAlab 2500 and FIAlab 2600 instruments.
For details on the above listed methods and for information on the analytes not listed here, consult Hansen’s DATABASE or contact us at fialab@flowinjection.com
Voice 425-376-0450 or 1-800-963-1101, Fax 425-376-0451
For analyses of wine and food the following protocols have been modified.
Multiple channel systems are available to process up to four of these assays simultaneously.
FIAlab 2500: Six Years and One Million Injections
“Attached is a photo of our Lab-on-valve manifold taken off of the Bray Phosphate FIA instrument. The system is 6 years old and has injected probably over a million samples easily.”
Jackie Brackman
Soil & Geotechnical Laboratory Manager
Brookside Laboratories, Inc.
www.blinc.com
We at FIAlab appreciate this testimonial as it documents the quality of our instrument and its value, when used with skill and expertise.